I-Artificial Turf ibilokhu iyingxenye yebhola amashumi eminyaka, ukuguquka ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kotshani bemvelo. Ekuqaleni ayiklanyelwe ibhola, umbono washintsha ngokuthuthukiswa kwama-turfs aqondene nebhola. Izitsha zokwenziwa zanamuhla zibhekwa njengezifaneleka kakhulu ebholeni. I-FIFA, ngokubona ukusabalala kwebhola kanye nezinselelo zesimo sezulu emhlabeni jikelele, iyavuma ukuthi ama-turf okwenziwa, ikakhulukazi isizukulwane esisha, zibalulekile ekukhuleni komdlalo. Banikeza ukumelana nesimo sezulu esiphezulu kanye nokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo uma kuqhathaniswa notshani bemvelo. Uhlelo Lwekhwalithi YeFIFA Yebhola Lezinyawo, kubuyekezwe ku 2022, kuhlanganisa izidingo eziphelele nezindlela zokuhlola, kanye nesitifiketi se-FIFA sama-turf okwenziwa kwaqala 2001.
Okuqukethwe
I-FIFA Certification Mark Classification ye-Artificial Turf
Okwakamuva Uhlelo lwesitifiketi seFIFA otshanini bokwenziwa manje sekufaka izigaba ezintathu ezihlukene: “I-FIFA BASIC,” “IKHWALITHI LE-FIFA,” futhi “I-FIFA QUALITY PRO.” Ezisanda kwethulwa “I-FIFA BASIC” yakhelwe izindawo zokudlala zokungcebeleka nezisezingeni lomphakathi. Ngokungqubuzanayo, i “IKHWALITHI LE-FIFA” umaka, esingena esikhundleni senkanyezi engu-1 Enconyiwe ye-FIFA, iqondiswe ezinkundleni zabangafundile nasezinkundleni zokuqeqesha. I “I-FIFA QUALITY PRO” ukuqokwa, kulandela i-FIFA Enconyiwe 2-Star, igcinelwe izinkambu zebanga lochwepheshe, efanele imiqhudelwano yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezinga eliphezulu lobungcweti.
Lesi sitifiketi siklonyeliswa ezinkambini ezihlangabezana namazinga aqinile ngochungechunge lokuhlola okuphelele.. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izivivinyo zaselabhorethri nezensimu, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke indawo yokudlala, hhayi nje izingxenye zomuntu ngamunye ze-turf, ihambisana nezidingo zeFIFA. Inqubo yesitifiketi ibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwelabhorethri okuningiliziwe kwemikhiqizo ye-turf, ukufakwa kahle kwenkundla ye-turf, ukuhlolwa kwenkambu okubanzi, futhi ekugcineni, ukutholwa kwesitifiketi esisemthethweni seFIFA.
I-FIFA Laboratory Test for Artificial Turf
Izivivinyo zaselabhorethri zeFIFA zotshani bokwenziwa zibanzi. Adinga amasampula osayizi othize futhi amboze inhlobonhlobo yamapharamitha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-rebound yebhola eqondile ne-angular, ukumuncwa ukushaqeka, ukuguqulwa okuqondile, ukumelana nokujikeleza, ukungqubuzana/ukugqoka, kanye nokumelana nezinga lokushisa. Lezi zivivinyo zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi i-turf ihlangabezana namazinga okusebenza nezokuphepha e-FIFA.
Ingxenye 1: Izivivinyo Zokusebenzelana Kwebhola
- Ball Roll Test
- Inhloso: Ukukala ibanga ibhola liginqika kutshani.
- Indlela: Ibhola ligingqelwa phansi kwirempu ukusuka endaweni ephakeme 2 amamitha kanye nebanga elihambayo ku-turf liyalinganiswa.
- Imibandela: Ibanga lokugoqa kufanele libe phakathi kwebanga elithile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana notshani bemvelo.
- Ukuhlolwa Okuboshiwe Kwebhola Elimile
- Inhloso: Ukuhlola ukusabela kwe-turf ebholeni ewele phansi.
- Indlela: Ibhola liyawa 2 ubude bamamitha kanye nobude bokubuyela emuva kuyalinganiswa.
- Imibandela: Ukuphakama kwe-rebound kumele kulingise ukusebenza kotshani bemvelo.
Ingxenye 2: Ukuhlolwa Kokusebenzelana Komdlali Nobuso
- Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Shock Absorption
- Inhloso: Ukuhlola ikhono le-turf lokudonsa ukushaqeka, okuthinta ukuphepha komdlali.
- Indlela: Idivayisi elingisa umthelela wonyawo lomdlali idedelwa endaweni evulekile, futhi izinga lokushaqeka elimuncwe liyalinganiswa.
- Imibandela: I-turf kufanele ibonise uhla oluthile lokumunca ukushaqeka, okubonisa ukulingana phakathi kokuthambile kokuphepha kanye nokuqina kokusebenza.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokuguqulwa Okuqondile
- Inhloso: Ukuhlola ukuguqulwa kwe-turf ngaphansi komthwalo, kuthinta ukunethezeka nokusebenza komdlali.
- Indlela: Amandla asetshenziswa ngokuma ku-turf, futhi izinga lokuguquguquka kobuso liyalinganiswa.
- Imibandela: I-Turf kufanele ikhubazeke ize ibe sezingeni elisekela ukunyakaza kwemvelo nokunethezeka kwabadlali.
Ingxenye 3: Ukuhlola Ukuqina Nokuphila Isikhathi Eside
- Ukuhlolwa Kokumelana Okujikelezayo
- Inhloso: Ukunquma ukumelana kwe-turf nokunyakaza okujikelezayo, kubalulekile ekuphepheni komdlali, ikakhulukazi ekuvimbeleni ukulimala kwamadolo namaqakala.
- Indlela: Idivayisi ezungezayo isetshenziswa ku-turf, futhi ukumelana nokuphenduka kukalwa.
- Imibandela: Izinga lokumelana liyahlolwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi lingaphakathi kwebanga eliphephile, ukuvimbela kokubili ukubamba ngokweqile kanye nokuzinza okwanele.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Abrasion
- Inhloso: Ukuhlola ukumelana kwe-turf ukuguga nokuhuzuka, okukhombisa ukuqina kwayo.
- Indlela: Isisetshenziswa esiwumshini silingisa ukuguga kwabadlali’ ukunyakaza ku-turf ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Imibandela: I-turf kufanele imelane nezinga elithile lokuhuzuka ngaphandle kokulimala okukhulu noma ukuguga.
Ingxenye 4: Ukuhlolwa Kwemvelo Nokuphepha
- Gcwalisa Ukujula Kwesilinganiso
- Inhloso: Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi impahla yokugcwalisa isezingeni elifanele, okuthinta ukusebenza nokuphepha kwenkundla.
- Indlela: Ukujula kwento yokugcwalisa (njengama-granules enjoloba noma isihlabathi) kukalwa ezindaweni eziningi kuyo yonke inkundla.
- Imibandela: Ukujula kufanele kuhlangabezane nezindinganiso ezithile ukuze kuqinisekiswe izici zokudlala ezingaguquki nokuphepha komdlali.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezinga Lokushisa Okuphezulu
- Inhloso: Ukuhlola imiphumela yokushisa ku-turf, okungaba nomthelela wokunethezeka nokuphepha komdlali.
- Indlela: Izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu kwe-turf likalwa ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezihlukahlukene.
- Imibandela: Izinga lokushisa kufanele libe phakathi kwebanga eliphephile nelikhululekile kubadlali, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifudumele.
Ingxenye 5: Ukulawulwa Kwekhwalithi Nokuhlolwa Kokuvumelana Kokusebenza
- Ukuhlola Amandla Ahlangene
- Inhloso: Ukukala amandla ama-seams namalunga ku-turf, okubalulekile ekupheleleni komkhakha wonke.
- Indlela: Ukumelana ne-turf seams kanye namalunga ekudonseni noma ukuklebhula amandla kuyahlolwa.
- Imibandela: Amandla kufanele ahlangabezane namazinga aphezulu ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi i-turf ihlala injalo ngaphansi kokucindezeleka kokudlala.
- Ukuhlola Ukuzinza Kwe-Dimensional
- Inhloso: Ukuhlola ikhono le-turf lokugcina ubukhulu bayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene, ukuqinisekisa izimo zokudlala ezingaguquki.
- Indlela: Ukushintsha kobukhulu be-turf ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene zokushisa nomswakama kuyalinganiswa.
- Imibandela: I-turf kufanele ibonise izinguquko ezincane zobukhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ihlala ifana futhi ibikezelwa kubadlali.
Ukubaluleka yesitifiketi se-FIFA se-Artificial Turf Fields
Isitifiketi se-FIFA samasimu otshani bokwenziwa sibalulekile njengoba siqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokuphepha kwendawo yokudlala.. Lesi sitifiketi siyisici esibalulekile sezinhlangano zebhola likanobhutshuzwayo ekukhetheni i-artificial turf. Iqinisekisa ukuthi i-turf iphumelele ukuhlolwa okuqinile kokusebenza, ukuqina, nokuphepha komdlali, okuyizinto ezibalulekile kubuqotho bomdlalo kanye nenhlalakahle yabadlali. Ukuhlolwa kabusha okuvamile kuyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe isitifiketi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amasimu ahlala ephephile futhi enekhwalithi engashintshi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukuqonda Nokukhathazeka
Ukuqwashisa ngokubaluleka kwesitifiketi se-FIFA emikhakheni yotshani bokwenziwa kuyakhula. Lesi sitifiketi asigcini nje ngokuqinisekisa izinga le-turf kodwa futhi siphathelene nokuphepha kwabadlali. Sekuyinkomba ebalulekile ebholeni elikhokhelwayo ekukhetheni utshani bokufakelwa. Ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa okuqinile okuhilelekile ohlelweni lokunikezwa kwezitifiketi ze-FIFA kusebenza njengophawu embonini.. Lokhu kube nomthelela omkhulu ekwamukelweni nasekusetshenzisweni kabanzi kwe-artificial turf ebholeni, ikakhulukazi emazingeni aphezulu ezemidlalo.
Umkhiqizi Ohamba phambili
Kusukela 2006, U-Relyir ubehamba phambili ekukhiqizeni ikhwalithi ephezulu I-Artificial Grass yenkundla yebhola, ehlinzeka ngezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo ngokuqondile embonini yethu ngamanani aphansi kakhulu kunamanye amashaneli. Ukuzibophezela kwethu ekuthengeni akuphazamisi ikhwalithi, ngezintengo zasembonini yethu ngokuvamile zisukela phakathi 50% ku 70% yezintengo zokudayisa zemikhiqizo efanayo. Nakuba sinenani elincane le-oda le 100 amamitha-skwele futhi unganikezeli ngezinsizakalo zokufaka, amakhasimende ethu azuza enanini elikhethekile kanye nokukhethwa okuhlukahlukene kotshani bokwenziwa, eklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo nezintandokazi ezihlukahlukene. Khetha i-Relyir ukuze uthole imali eyongayo, isikhathi eside, kanye nesixazululo sokwakheka kwezwe esikhangayo esihlala isikhathi eside.